Class 9; unit 5 Ethics, norms, and Value

                           Unit 5     Ethics, Norms, and Value

Solutions

A. Find the words/phrases from the text for the following meanings. The first letter has been given.

 a)    ................ to have difficulty saying something clearly or correctly

→ trip over

b)    b) .............showing too much emotion

→ effusive

c)   c)  ...........became annoyed or offended

→ bristled

d)  d) ............accustomed to do something

 → inured

e) e)  ............ the fact of being responsible

→  culpability

f)   f)..............a statement saying that you strongly believe something to be true

→ assertion

g)  g)......... to say or believe that something is the result of a particular thing

→ attribute

h) h)..........connected with the meaning of words  and sentences

→ semantic

i)   i)........ a very slight difference in meaning

→ nuances

B. Match the first halves in column A with their endings in column B to make complete sentences.

 Americans didn't show                   - iv. sympathy to Akio Toyoda's effusive apologies.

 People are accustomed                 - iii. to an apology in Hong Kong.

 Japanese use an apology             - v. to repair their damaged relationship.

 American participants seemed      - i. less interested in second research.

 Researchers found                        -ii. similar patterns in East Asian countries.

 C. Answer the following questions.

 a. Why did Japan become annoyed with the US submarine commander?

 → Japan became annoyed with the US submarine commander because he didn't immediately apologise after colliding with and sinking a Japanese fishing boat off Hawaii in 2001.

b. How do Americans and Japanese perceive an apology?

→ Americans perceive an apology as an admission of wrongdoing, while Japanese see an apology as a way to show eagerness to fix a relationship, without necessarily accepting blame (with no necessary implication of culpability).

 c. What, according to the survey, is the average result of an apology in Japanese and American students?

 → According to the survey, Japanese students recalled issuing an average of 11.05 apologies in the previous week, whereas US students  recalled issuing just 4.51 apologies.

d. What was displayed in a video show?

→The video showed an applicant for an accounting job apologizing for having deliberately filed an incorrect tax return for a  prior client.

 e. Who were the respondents of the second study?

 → The respondents of the second study were Runder graduates from both the US and Japan.

 D. How can the executives apply an apology?

 The executives can apply an apology as a tool for facilitating negotiations, resolving conflicts, and repairing trust by understanding the cultural nuances associated with apologies in different countries. They need to recognize that apologies may be perceived differently based on the cultural context and adjust their approach accordingly.

 

Reading II

                                         An Apology Letter

 

Key points from the letter:

1. Last week was the worst week ever for JetBlue. They had lots of problems with their flights, like delays, cancellations, and lost baggage, which caused a lot of trouble for customers.

2. There was a big winter storm in the Northeast that messed up the flights. It made it hard for the planes to move, and the pilots and crewmembers couldn't get to the airports on time.

3. JetBlue is really sorry and embarrassed about what happened. They know they let their customers down, and they feel bad about all the stress and inconvenience it caused.

4. The airline is taking immediate action to fix things. They're making a plan to give customers better and faster information, providing more tools and resources to their crewmembers, and improving the way they handle problems in the future.

5. JetBlue has created a set of rules called the JetBlue Airways Customer Bill of Rights. It explains how they will handle future problems and includes details about how they will compensate affected customers.

6. JetBlue wants to become a more reliable and customer-friendly airline because of these changes.

7. JetBlue really wants to earn back the trust of their customers. They hope customers will give them another chance to provide the positive experience they expect.

8. The letter was written by David Neeleman, the Founder and CEO of JetBlue Airways.

 

A. Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B.

a. disrupt -                iii. to make it difficult for something to continue in the normal way

b. crewmembers      v. all the people working on a ship, plane, etc.

c. hinder-                  iv. to make it difficult for somebody to do something or for something to happen

d. inconvenience-     ii. trouble or problem, especially concerning what you need or would like yourself

e. emerge-                 i. to come out of a dark, confined or hidden place

 

B.        Answer the following questions:

a. Who has written the letter?

→ David Neeleman has written the letter.

b. Who is it addressed to?

→ It is addressed to JetBlue Customers.

c. How long has JetBlue been serving its customers?

→ JetBlue has been serving its customers for seven years.

d. What was the main cause of inconvenience to the passengers?

→ The main cause of inconvenience to the passengers is the severe winter ice storm in the Northeast.

e. What sort of service does this company promise?

→ This company promises to bring humanity back to air travel and make the flying experience happier and easier for its customers.

f. What does the JetBlue Airways Customer Bill of Rights contain?

→ The JetBlue Airways Customer Bill of Rights contains the airline's commitment to handling operational interruptions in the future, including details of compensation for customers.

 

Grammar II

Listening

A. Use the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets to rewrite this text.

Sophiya (sit) in the classroom. Her teacher (stand) in front of the class teaching. But, Sophiya (do) something else. She is daydreaming. She (not be) in the class. She (dance) on a stage in front of hundreds of people. She (wear) a beautiful costume. She (tap) and twirling. She (spin) on one leg. She (kick) her feet. She (leap) and (fly) through the air. The audiences (stand) on the floor. They (clap) and (shout) "Bravo! Bravo!!".

"Sophiya?"

"Sophiya?" her teacher (call). He is not teaching anymore.

"Yes?" Shophiya (feel) a bit embarrassed. Her cheeks (get) red.

"Are you feeling okay? You (shout) 'Bravo! Bravo! Bravo!' in the class."

"Sorry! I am just enjoying the class so much 'Bravo! Bravo!"."

 

Ans:  is sitting, is standing, is doing, is not being, is dancing, is wearing, is tapping, is spinnig, is kicking, is leaping and flying, are standing, are clapping and shouting, is calling, is feeling, are getting, were shouting

B. Complete the sentences with the use of correct form of any relevant verbs.

a. A: We........... to the cinema tonight. ( are going)

    B:..............with us?( Do you want to come )

b. .A: I  ............ on holiday two or three times a year. ( go)

     B: That's great! And where.......... this year?  (are going)

c. I think it's better to stay. It .............and we is raining don't have.  ( is raising,  (Don’t, have)

d. Who is that man? Why ……………at us? What..............?  (is he looking, does he want)

e. Tomorrow..................my doctor in the morning. ( is seeing)

f. Where's John? He............. to a new song in this room. ( is giving music)